References [ 21 ]
Gaze WH, Burroughs N, Gallagher MP & Wellington EMH (2003) Interactions between Salmonella typhimurium and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, and observation of a new mode of intracellular growth within contractile vacuoles. Microbial Ecology 46: 358-369.
Gião MS, Wilks SA, Azevedo NF, Vieira MJ & Keevil CW (2009) Validation of SYTO 9/propidium iodide uptake for rapid detection of viable but noncultivable Legionella pneumophila Microbial Ecology 58: 56-62.
Lorenzo-Morales J, Ortega-Rivas A, Foronda P, Martínez E & Valladares B (2005) Isolation and identification of pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain from water sources. Parasitology Research 95: 273-277.
Mura M, Bull TJ, Evans H, Sidi-Boumedine K, McMinn L, Rhodes G, Pickup R & Hermon-Taylor J (2006) Replication and long-term persistence of bovine and human strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis within Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 854-859.
Lorenzo-Morales J, Ortega-Rivas A, Foronda P, Abreu-Acosta N, Ballart D, Martínez E & Valladares B (2005) RNA interference (RNAi) for the silencing of extracellular serine proteases genes in Acanthamoeba: Molecular analysis and effect on pathogenicity. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 144: 10-15.
Ortega-Rivas A, Lorenzo-Morales J, Martínez E, Villa M, Clavel A, Valladares B & del Castillo A (2005) A specific primer pair for the diagnosis and identification of Acanthamoeba astronyxis by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Parasitology 91: 122-126.
DOI: none
Tsibidis GD, Burroughs NJ, Gaze W & Wellington EMH (2011) Semi-automated Acanthamoeba polyphaga detection and computation of Salmonella typhimurium concentration in spatio-temporal images. Micron 42: 911-920.
Friman VP, Ghoul M, Molin S, Johansen HK & Buckling A (2013) Pseudomonas aeruginosa adaptation to lungs of cystic fibrosis patients leads to lowered resistance to phage and protist enemies. PLoS ONE 8(9): e75380.
Coulon C, Collignon A, McDonnell G & Thomas V (2010) Resistance of Acanthamoeba cysts to disinfection treatments used in health care settings. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 48: 2689-2697.
Ovrutsky AR, Chan ED, Kartalija M, Bai X, Jackson M, Gibbs S, Falkinham III JO, Iseman MD, Reynolds PR, McDonnell G & Thomas V (2013) Cooccurrence of free-living amoebae and nontuberculous mycobacteria in hospital water networks, and preferential growth of Mycobacterium avium in Acanthamoeba lenticulata. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79: 3185-3192.
Wheat WH, Casali AL, Thomas V, Spencer JS, Lahiri R, Williams DL, McDonnell GE, Gonzalez-Juarrero M, Brennan PJ & Jackson M (2014) Long-term survival and virulence of Mycobacterium leprae in amoebal cysts. PloS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8: e3405.
Vieira A, Seddon AM & Karlyshev AV (2015) Campylobacter - Acanthamoeba interactions. Microbiology 161: 933-947.
Friman VP, Dupont A, Bass D, Murrell DJ & Bell T (2015) Relative importance of evolutionary dynamics depends on the composition of microbial predator-prey community. The ISME Journal 10: 1352-1362.
Verani M, Di Giuseppe G, Tammaro C & Carducci A (2016) Investigating the role of Acanthamoeba polyphaga in protecting Human Adenovirus from water disinfection treatment. European Journal of Protistology 54: 11-18.
Vaerewijck MJM, Sabbe K, Baré J, Spengler H-P, Favoreel HW & Houf K (2012) Assessment of the efficacy of benzalkonium chloride and sodium hypochlorite against Acanthamoeba polyphaga and Tetrahymena spp. Journal of Food Protection 75: 541-546.
Casini B, Baggiani A, Totaro M, Mansi A, Costa AL, Aquino F, Miccoli M, Valentini P, Bruschi F, Lopalco PL & Privitera G (2017) Detection of viable but non-culturable Legionella in hospital water network following monochloramine disinfection. Journal of Hospital Infection -: -.
Thomson S, Rice CA, Zhang T, Edrada-Ebel R, Henriquez FL & Roberts CW (2017) Characterisation of sterol biosynthesis and validation of 14α-demethylase as a drug target in Acanthamoeba Scientific Reports 7: 8247.
Sanchez-Hidalgo A, Obregón-Henao A, Wheat WH, Jackson M, Gonzalez-Juarrero M (2017) Mycobacterium bovis hosted by free-living-amoebae permits their long-term persistence survival outside of host mammalian cells and remain capable of transmitting disease to mice Environmental Microbiology 19: 4010-4021.
Fuerst, PA (2023) The status of molecular analyses of isolates of Acanthamoeba maintained by international culture collections. Microorganisms 11(2): 295.
Fuerst PA & Booton GC (2020) Species, sequence types and alleles: Dissecting genetic variation in Acanthamoeba Pathogens 9(7): 534.
Corsaro D (2022) Exploring LSU and ITS rDNA sequences for Acanthamoeba identification and phylogeny Microorganisms 10(9): 1776.
Division/Phylum: Amoebozoa Class: Discosea

Note: for strains where we have DNA barcodes we can be reasonably confident of identity, however for those not yet sequenced we rely on morphology and the original identification, usually made by the depositor. Although CCAP makes every effort to ensure the correct taxonomic identity of strains, we cannot guarantee that a strain is correctly identified at the species, genus or class levels. On this basis users are responsible for confirming the identity of the strain(s) they receive from us on arrival before starting experiments.
For strain taxonomy we generally use AlgaeBase for algae and Adl et al. (2019) for protists.

Culture media, purity and growth conditions:
Medium: NN; Monoxenic; maintained by serial subculture;
Attributes
Authority(Puschkarew) Volkonsky 1931
IsolatorRowbotham (1985)
Collection Sitecooling tower Lincoln, England, UK
Axenicity Status Monoxenic
Area Europe
Country UK
Environment Freshwater
GMO No
Group Protozoa
In Scope of Nagoya Protocol No
ABS Note Collected pre Nagoya Protocol. No known Nagoya Protocol restrictions for this strain.
Collection Date c 1985
Original Designation Linc Ap-1
Pathogen Potential Pathogen: Hazard Class 2
Strain Maintenance Sheet
Toxin Producer Not Toxic / No Data
Type Culture No
Taxonomy WoRMS ID 163677

CCAP 1501/18

Acanthamoeba polyphaga

  • Product Code: CCAP 1501/18
  • Availability: Potential Pathogen
You are ordering Pathogenic strains - we cannot supply these via online ordering. Please contact CCAP directly. You will be required to download and submit Form A before any pathogenic strains are despatched.